SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>FreeDOS</title>

</head>

FreeDOS

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Freedos" redirects here. For the singular, see <a href="Freedo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Freedo (disambiguation)">Freedo (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;">FreeDOS</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">FreeDOS 1.1 default shell, FreeCOM</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Jim_Hall_(computer_programmer)" title="Jim Hall (computer programmer)">Jim Hall</a> & The FreeDOS team</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programming_language" title="Programming language">Written in</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Assembly_language" title="Assembly language">Assembly language</a>, <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a><a href="#cite_note-FreeDOS_Spec-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="DOS" title="DOS">DOS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">Current</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Open_source" title="Open source">Open source</a><a href="#cite_note-FDOS_2021-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">16 September 1994 (1994-09-16)<a href="#cite_note-FreeDOS_A1-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1.4<a href="#cite_note-wikidata-d49c7c74e724cb9adcb9094460409ce4793e6db5-v20-4">[4]</a>  / 5 April 2025 (5 April 2025)<a href="#cite_note-FDOS_Download-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/FDOS">github.com/FDOS</a> </li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="German_language" title="German language">German</a>, <a href="Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>, <a href="French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>, <a href="Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>, <a href="Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Supported platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Monolithic_kernel" title="Monolithic kernel">Monolithic kernel</a><a href="#cite_note-Villani_1996_Kernel-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Influenced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="User_interface" title="User interface">Default user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Command-line_interface" title="Command-line interface">Command-line interface</a> (<a href="COMMAND.COM" title="COMMAND.COM">COMMAND.COM</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU GPL</a><a href="#cite_note-FDOS_2021-2">[2]</a> with various different licenses for utilities</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedos.org">freedos.org</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

FreeDOS (formerly PD-DOS) is a <a href="Free_software" title="Free software">free software</a> <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> for <a href="IBM_PC_compatible" title="IBM PC compatible">IBM PC compatible</a> computers. It intends to provide a complete <a href="MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a>-compatible environment for running <a href="Legacy_system" title="Legacy system">legacy software</a> and supporting <a href="Embedded_system" title="Embedded system">embedded systems</a>.<a href="#cite_note-homepage-7">[7]</a> FreeDOS can be booted from a <a href="Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">floppy disk</a> or <a href="USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB flash drive</a><a href="#cite_note-Franske_2007_USB-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FreeDOS_Floppy-9">[9]</a> and is designed to run well under <a href="Virtualization" title="Virtualization">virtualization</a> or <a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a> <a href="Emulator" title="Emulator">emulation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gallagher_2014-10">[10]</a>

The FreeDOS project began under <a href="Jim_Hall_(computer_programmer)" title="Jim Hall (computer programmer)">Jim Hall</a> in 1994, and the first <a href="Stable_version" class="mw-redirect" title="Stable version">stable</a> version was released in 2006. Unlike most versions of <a href="MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Turner_2018-11">[11]</a> FreeDOS is composed of <a href="Free_software" title="Free software">free software</a>, <a href="Software_license" title="Software license">licensed</a> under the terms of the <a href="GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FDOS_2021-2">[2]</a> However, other packages that form part of the FreeDOS project include non-GPL software considered worthy of <a href="Digital_preservation" title="Digital preservation">preservation</a>, such as <a href="4DOS" title="4DOS">4DOS</a>, which is distributed under a modified <a href="MIT_License" title="MIT License">MIT License</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4DOS-12">[12]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2></div>

FreeDOS 1.1, released on 2 January 2012,<a href="#cite_note-freedos-13">[13]</a> is available for download as a <a href="CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a> image: a limited install disc that only contains the kernel and basic applications, and a full disc that contains many more applications (games, networking, development, etc.), not available as of November 2011 but with a newer, fuller 1.2.<a href="#cite_note-freedos_files-14">[14]</a> The legacy version 1.0 (2006) consisted of two CDs, one of which was an 8 MB install CD targeted at regular users and the other which was a larger 49 MB live CD that also held the source code of the project.<a href="#cite_note-freedos_files-14">[14]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_uses">Commercial uses</h3></div>

FreeDOS is used by several companies:

<ul><li><a href="Dell" title="Dell">Dell</a> preloaded FreeDOS with its n-series desktops to reduce their cost. The firm has been criticized for making these machines no cheaper, and harder to buy, than identical systems with Windows.<a href="#cite_note-Vance_2005_Dell-15">[15]</a></li>

<li><a href="Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a> provided FreeDOS as an option in its HP Compaq dc5750 Small Form Factor PC, Mini 5101 netbooks and Probook laptops.<a href="#cite_note-Hewlett-Packard_2012-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWeek_2009_HP-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-McCracken_2009-18">[18]</a> FreeDOS is also used as bootable media for updating the BIOS <a href="Firmware" title="Firmware">firmware</a> in HP systems.<a href="#cite_note-HP_2010-19">[19]</a></li>

<li>FreeDOS is included by <a href="Steve_Gibson_(computer_programmer)" title="Steve Gibson (computer programmer)">Steve Gibson</a>'s hard drive maintenance and recovery program, <a href="SpinRite" title="SpinRite">SpinRite</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Goldstein_2004_SpinRite-20">[20]</a></li>

<li>Intel's Solid-State Drive Firmware Update Tool loaded the FreeDOS kernel.<a href="#cite_note-Intel_SATA-21">[21]</a></li>

<li>Many motherboard vendors recommend a bootable FreeDOS for running low level BIOS and firmware updates.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-commercial_uses">Non-commercial uses</h3></div>

FreeDOS is also used in multiple independent projects:

<ul><li>FED-UP is the Floppy Enhanced <a href="DivX" title="DivX">DivX</a> Universal Player.<a href="#cite_note-FloppyDivX-22">[22]</a></li>

<li>FUZOMA is a FreeDOS-based distribution that can boot from a <a href="Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">floppy disk</a> and converts older computers into educational tools for children.<a href="#cite_note-FUZOMA-23">[23]</a></li>

<li>XFDOS is a FreeDOS-based distribution with a <a href="Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a>, porting <a href="Microwindows" title="Microwindows">Nano-X</a> and <a href="FLTK" title="FLTK">FLTK</a>.<a href="#cite_note-kraileth_TK-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-kraileth_nanolinux-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Winnie_AIM-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-Georg_HP-27">[27]</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development_and_version_history">Development and version history</h2></div>

<caption>FreeDOS version history<a href="#cite_note-FDOS_Download-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-FreeDOS-Comparison-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-FreeDOS-Old-29">[29]</a>

</caption>

<th>Version</th>

<th>Status</th>

<th>Codename</th>

<th>Date

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Alpha_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha release">ALPHA</a></td>

<td style="text-align:right;">16 September 1994

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>ALPHA</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">December 1994

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>ALPHA</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">January 1995

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>ALPHA</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>ALPHA</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">10 August 1996

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>ALPHA</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">November 1997

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Orlando</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">25 March 1998

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Marvin</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">28 October 1998

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Ventura</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">21 April 1999

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Lemur</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">9 April 2000

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td style="text-align:right;">10 August 2000

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Midnite</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">18 March 2001

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Spears</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">7 September 2001

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Nikita</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">7 April 2002

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td style="text-align:right;">28 September 2004

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>FINAL</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">3 September 2006

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>FINAL</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">2 January 2012

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>FINAL</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">25 December 2016

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>FINAL</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">20 February 2022

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>FINAL</td>

<td style="text-align:right;">5 April 2025

</td></tr></tbody></table>

The FreeDOS project began on 29 June 1994, after <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> announced it would no longer sell or support MS-DOS. <a href="Jim_Hall_(computer_programmer)" title="Jim Hall (computer programmer)">Jim Hall</a>, who at the time was a student,<a href="#cite_note-FLOSS-31">[31]</a> posted a manifesto proposing the development of PD-DOS, a <a href="Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> version of DOS.<a href="#cite_note-Hall_1994_Announcement-32">[32]</a> Within a few weeks, other programmers including <a href="Pat_Villani" title="Pat Villani">Pat Villani</a> and Tim Norman joined the project. Between them, a kernel (by Villani), the <a href="COMMAND.COM" title="COMMAND.COM">COMMAND.COM</a> command line interpreter (by Villani and Norman), and core utilities (by Hall) were created by pooling code they had written or found available.<a href="#cite_note-linuxdevices-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hall_2006_About-34">[34]</a> For some time, the project was maintained by Morgan "Hannibal" Toal. There have been many official pre-release distributions of FreeDOS before the final FreeDOS 1.0 distribution.<a href="#cite_note-FreeDOS-History-35">[35]</a> GNU/DOS, an unofficial distribution of FreeDOS, was discontinued after version 1.0 was released.<a href="#cite_note-Adams_2005-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-Marinof_GNU/DOS-37">[37]</a>Blinky the Fish is the mascot of FreeDOS. He was designed by Bas Snabilie.<a href="#cite_note-FD_Logo-38">[38]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compatibility">Compatibility</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hardware">Hardware</h3></div>

FreeDOS requires a <a href="PC/XT" class="mw-redirect" title="PC/XT">PC/XT</a> machine with at least 640 kB of memory.<a href="#cite_note-Lowe_2003-39">[39]</a> Programs not bundled with FreeDOS often require additional system resources.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MS-DOS_and_Win32_console">MS-DOS and Win32 console</h3></div>

FreeDOS is mostly compatible with MS-DOS. It supports COM executables, standard DOS executables and Borland's <a href="16-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="16-bit">16-bit</a> <a href="DOS_Protected_Mode_Interface" title="DOS Protected Mode Interface">DPMI</a> executables. It is also possible to run <a href="32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> DPMI executables using <a href="DOS_extender" title="DOS extender">DOS extenders</a>. The operating system has several improvements relative to MS-DOS, mostly involving support for newer standards and technologies that did not exist when Microsoft ended support for MS-DOS, such as <a href="Internationalization" title="Internationalization">internationalization</a>, or the <a href="Advanced_Power_Management" title="Advanced Power Management">Advanced Power Management</a> <a href="Terminate-and-stay-resident_program" title="Terminate-and-stay-resident program">TSRs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Techworld-40">[40]</a> Furthermore, with the use of HX DOS Extender, many <a href="Windows_Console" title="Windows Console">Windows Console</a> applications function properly in FreeDOS, as do some rare <a href="GUI" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI">GUI</a> programs, like <a href="QEMM" title="QEMM">QEMM</a> and <a href="Bochs" title="Bochs">Bochs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Grech_2014-41">[41]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DOS-based_Windows">DOS-based Windows</h3></div>

FreeDOS is able to run <a href="Windows_1.0x" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 1.0x">Microsoft Windows 1.0</a> and <a href="Windows_2.0x" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 2.0x">2.0</a> releases. <a href="Windows_3.x" title="Windows 3.x">Windows 3.x</a> releases, which had support for <a href="I386" title="I386">i386</a> processors, cannot fully be run in <a href="386_Enhanced_Mode" class="mw-redirect" title="386 Enhanced Mode">386 Enhanced Mode</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Aitor_2014-42">[42]</a> except partially in the experimental FreeDOS <a href="Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">kernel</a> 2037.

<a href="Windows_95" title="Windows 95">Windows 95</a>, <a href="Windows_98" title="Windows 98">Windows 98</a> and <a href="Windows_Me" title="Windows Me">Windows Me</a> use a stripped-down version of MS-DOS. FreeDOS cannot be used as a replacement because the undocumented interfaces between MS-DOS 7.0–8.0 and Windows "4.xx" are not emulated by FreeDOS; however, it can be installed and used beside these systems using a <a href="Boot_manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Boot manager">boot manager</a> program, such as <code><a href="BOOTMGR" class="mw-redirect" title="BOOTMGR">BOOTMGR</a></code> or <code>METAKERN</code> included with FreeDOS.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Windows_NT_and_ReactOS">Windows NT and ReactOS</h3></div>

<a href="Windows_NT" title="Windows NT">Windows NT</a>-based operating systems, including <a href="Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">Windows 2000</a>, <a href="Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">XP</a>, <a href="Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Vista</a>, <a href="Windows_7" title="Windows 7">7</a>, <a href="Windows_8" title="Windows 8">8</a>, <a href="Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">8.1</a>, <a href="Windows_10" title="Windows 10">10</a> and <a href="Windows_11" title="Windows 11">11</a> for desktops, and <a href="Windows_Server_2003" title="Windows Server 2003">Windows Server 2003</a>, <a href="Windows_Server_2008" title="Windows Server 2008">2008</a> and <a href="Windows_Server_2008_R2" title="Windows Server 2008 R2">2008 R2</a> for servers, do not make use of MS-DOS as a core component of the system. These systems can make use of the <a href="File_Allocation_Table" title="File Allocation Table">FAT</a> <a href="File_system" title="File system">file systems</a> which are used by MS-DOS and earlier versions of <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>; however, they typically use the <a href="NTFS" title="NTFS">NTFS</a> (New Technology File System) by default for security and other reasons. FreeDOS can co-exist on these systems on a separate <a href="Disk_partition" class="mw-redirect" title="Disk partition">partition</a> or on the same partition on FAT systems. The FreeDOS kernel can be booted by adding it to the Windows 2000 or XP's NT Boot Loader configuration file, <a href="Boot.ini" class="mw-redirect" title="Boot.ini">boot.ini</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Herbert_2004-43">[43]</a> or the freeldr.ini equivalent for <a href="ReactOS" title="ReactOS">ReactOS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ReactOS-44">[44]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Virtualization">Virtualization</h3></div>

FreeDOS is designed to work well with virtualization software such as VirtualBox and VMware. The installation process is identical to real hardware. It is also possible to install FreeDOS on <a href="DOSBox" title="DOSBox">DOSBox</a> and its derivatives. By doing so, it provides additional functionality not present in the emulator.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="File_systems">File systems</h3></div>

<a href="File_Allocation_Table#FAT32" title="File Allocation Table">FAT32</a> is fully supported and is the preferred format for the boot drive.<a href="#cite_note-Hilpert_2015_Bootable_Stick-47">[47]</a> Depending on the <a href="BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a> used, up to four <a href="Logical_Block_Addressing" class="mw-redirect" title="Logical Block Addressing">Logical Block Addressing</a> (LBA) hard disks of up to 128 GB, or 2 TB, in size are supported.<a href="#cite_note-Mueller_2013-48">[48]</a> There has been little testing with large disks, and some BIOSes support LBA, but produce errors on disks larger than 32 GB; a driver such as OnTrack or EZ-Drive resolves this problem. FreeDOS can also be used with a driver called <code>LFNDOS</code> to enable support for Windows 95-style long file names,<a href="#cite_note-Gallagher_2014_Old-school-49">[49]</a> but most pre-Windows 95 programs do not support long file names, even with a driver loaded. There is no planned support for NTFS, <a href="Ext2" title="Ext2">ext2</a> or <a href="ExFAT" title="ExFAT">exFAT</a>, but there are several external third-party drivers available for that purpose. To access ext2 file systems, <code>LTOOLS</code>, a counterpart to <a href="Mtools" title="Mtools">Mtools</a>, can sometimes be used to copy data to and from ext2 file system drives.

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<ul><li><a href="DOSBox" title="DOSBox">DOSBox</a></li>

<li><a href="DOSEMU" title="DOSEMU">DOSEMU</a></li>

<li><a href="ReactOS" title="ReactOS">ReactOS</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230526164818/http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/FreeDOS_Spec#Programming_languages">"FreeDOS Spec"</a>. FreeDOS Wiki. Freedos. 2008-12-24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/FreeDOS_Spec#Programming_languages">the original</a> on 2023-05-26. Retrieved 2017-02-09.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FDOS_2021-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FDOS_2021_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FDOS_2021_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FDOS_2021_2-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/FDOS/kernel/blob/master/COPYING">"FDOS/kernel"</a>. GitHub. Retrieved 2021-05-31.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FreeDOS_A1-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FreeDOS_A1_3-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Releases/Alpha1">"Releases/Alpha 1"</a>. FreeDOS Wiki. Freedos. 2021-04-22. Retrieved 2023-06-07.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-wikidata-d49c7c74e724cb9adcb9094460409ce4793e6db5-v20-4"><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-d49c7c74e724cb9adcb9094460409ce4793e6db5-v20_4-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedos.org/download/announce.html">"FreeDOS 1.4 | The FreeDOS Project"</a>. 2025-04-05. Retrieved 2025-04-08.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FDOS_Download-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FDOS_Download_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FDOS_Download_5-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedos.org/download/">"FreeDOS Download Page"</a>. The FreeDOS Project.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Villani_1996_Kernel-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Villani_1996_Kernel_6-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFVillani1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Pat_Villani" title="Pat Villani">Villani, Pat</a> (1996). FreeDOS Kernel. Emeryville, CA, USA: Miller Freeman. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-87930-436-7</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-homepage-7"><a href="#cite_ref-homepage_7-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230625181203/http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page">"Main Page"</a>. FreeDOS Wiki. The FreeDOS Project. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page">the original</a> on 2023-06-25. Retrieved 2017-02-09.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Franske_2007_USB-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Franske_2007_USB_8-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFFranske2007" class="citation web cs1">Franske, Ben (2007-08-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100218031708/http://www.bensbits.com/2007/08/21/booting_dos_from_a_usb_flash_drive">"Booting DOS from a USB flash drive"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bensbits.com/2007/08/21/booting_dos_from_a_usb_flash_drive">the original</a> on 2010-02-18. Retrieved 2008-08-04.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FreeDOS_Floppy-9"><a href="#cite_ref-FreeDOS_Floppy_9-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.linfo.org/freedos_floppy.html">"How to Create a Bootable FreeDOS Floppy Disk"</a>. 2005-07-19. Retrieved 2008-08-04.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Gallagher_2014-10"><a href="#cite_ref-Gallagher_2014_10-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGallagher2014" class="citation web cs1">Gallagher, Sean (2014-07-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/07/it-may-be-barely-an-operating-system-but-dos-still-matters-to-some-people/">"Though "barely an operating system," DOS still matters (to some people)"</a>. ArsTechnica. Condé Nast. Retrieved 2017-02-09. <q>But FreeDOS has become much more friendly to virtualization and hardware emulation—it's even the heart of the DOSEMU emulator</q></cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Turner_2018-11"><a href="#cite_ref-Turner_2018_11-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFTurner2018" class="citation web cs1">Turner, Rich (2018-09-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/commandline/2018/09/28/re-open-sourcing-ms-dos-1-25-and-2-0/">"Re-Open-Sourcing MS-DOS 1.25 and 2.0"</a>. Windows Command Line Tools For Developers. Retrieved 2018-09-29.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4DOS-12"><a href="#cite_ref-4DOS_12-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204640/https://www.freedos.org/software/?prog=4dos">"4DOS"</a>. FreeDOS. The FreeDOS Project. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedos.org/software/?prog=4dos">the original</a> on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2014-06-06.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-freedos-13"><a href="#cite_ref-freedos_13-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHall2012" class="citation web cs1"><a href="Jim_Hall_(computer_programmer)" title="Jim Hall (computer programmer)">Hall, Jim</a> (2012-01-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sourceforge.net/news/?group_id=5109&id=305444">"Announcement on official FreeDOS homepage"</a>. SourceForge. Retrieved 2012-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-freedos_files-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-freedos_files_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-freedos_files_14-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111105002254/https://www.freedos.org/freedos/files">"FreeDOS 1.0"</a>. FreeDOS.org. The FreeDOS Project. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedos.org/freedos/files/">the original</a> on 2011-11-05. Retrieved 2015-12-21.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Vance_2005_Dell-15"><a href="#cite_ref-Vance_2005_Dell_15-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFVance" class="citation web cs1"><a href="Ashlee_Vance" title="Ashlee Vance">Vance, Ashlee</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/10/06/dell_open_pc/">"How Dell repels attempts to buy its 'open source' PC"</a>. <a href="The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a>. Retrieved 2008-01-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Hewlett-Packard_2012-16"><a href="#cite_ref-Hewlett-Packard_2012_16-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121113070156/http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/quickspecs/12546_na/12546_na.HTML">"HP Compaq dc5750 Business PC"</a>. Hewlett-Packard. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/quickspecs/12546_na/12546_na.HTML">the original</a> on 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2016-11-27.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-EWeek_2009_HP-17"><a href="#cite_ref-EWeek_2009_HP_17-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130122141750/http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Desktops-and-Notebooks/First-Look-at-HPs-LowCost-ProBook-Laptop-Lineup-880043/">"First Look at HP's Low-Cost ProBook Laptop Lineup"</a>. <a href="EWeek" title="EWeek">EWeek</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Desktops-and-Notebooks/First-Look-at-HPs-LowCost-ProBook-Laptop-Lineup-880043/">the original</a> on 2013-01-22. Retrieved 2009-03-26.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-McCracken_2009-18"><a href="#cite_ref-McCracken_2009_18-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMcCracken2009" class="citation web cs1">McCracken, Harry (2009-06-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://technologizer.com/2009/06/23/hps-mini-5101-netbook-deluxe-with-all-the-trimmings/">"HP's Mini 5101: Netbook Deluxe, With All the Trimmings"</a>. Technologizer. Retrieved 2009-08-01.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-HP_2010-19"><a href="#cite_ref-HP_2010_19-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308140217/http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/SoftwareDescription.jsp?lang=en&cc=us&prodTypeId=321957&prodSeriesId=3442832&swItem=ob-88522-1&mode=4&idx=3">"FreeDOS Bootable Media"</a>. <a href="Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a>. 2010-10-25. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/SoftwareDescription.jsp?lang=en&cc=us&prodTypeId=321957&prodSeriesId=3442832&swItem=ob-88522-1&mode=4&idx=3">the original</a> on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2011-01-13.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Goldstein_2004_SpinRite-20"><a href="#cite_ref-Goldstein_2004_SpinRite_20-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGoldstein2004" class="citation magazine cs1">Goldstein, Leon A. (2004-07-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/7684">"SpinRite 6.0 for Linux Users"</a>. <a href="Linux_Journal" title="Linux Journal">Linux Journal</a>. Retrieved 2017-02-09.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Intel_SATA-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Intel_SATA_21-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100325101703/http://downloadcenter.intel.com/detail_desc.aspx?agr=&ProductID=&DwnldID=18363&strOss=&OSFullName=&lang=eng">"Intel SATA Solid-State Drive Firmware Update Tool"</a>. <a href="Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://downloadcenter.intel.com/detail_desc.aspx?agr=&ProductID=&DwnldID=18363&strOss=&OSFullName=&lang=eng">the original</a> on 2010-03-25. Retrieved 2016-11-27.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FloppyDivX-22"><a href="#cite_ref-FloppyDivX_22-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://membres.multimania.fr/zeroiq/index.php?page=40..FED-UP%20boot%20floppy%20.php">"Floppy Enhanced DivX Universal Player"</a>. Retrieved 2009-12-18.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FUZOMA-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FUZOMA_23-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://superkeen.com/peacecorpsweblog/learning-software/">"FUZOMA Educational Software"</a>. Retrieved 2009-12-18.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-kraileth_TK-24"><a href="#cite_ref-kraileth_TK_24-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFkraileth2012" class="citation web cs1">kraileth (2012-10-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eerielinux.wordpress.com/2012/10/12/an-extraordinary-tk-example/">"An extraordinary TK example! | eerielinux"</a>. Eerielinux.wordpress.com. Retrieved 2019-01-29.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-kraileth_nanolinux-25"><a href="#cite_ref-kraileth_nanolinux_25-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFkraileth2014" class="citation web cs1">kraileth (2014-12-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eerielinux.wordpress.com/2014/12/30/an-interview-with-the-nanolinux-developer/">"An interview with the Nanolinux developer | eerielinux"</a>. Eerielinux.wordpress.com. Retrieved 2019-01-29.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Winnie_AIM-26"><a href="#cite_ref-Winnie_AIM_26-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990420083003/http://tawny.cs.nott.ac.uk:80/~sbx/winnie/aim/overview.htm">"Artificial Intelligence Methods"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tawny.cs.nott.ac.uk:80/~sbx/winnie/aim/overview.htm">the original</a> on 1999-04-20. Retrieved 2019-01-29.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Georg_HP-27"><a href="#cite_ref-Georg_HP_27-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.georgpotthast.de/">"Georg's Personal Homepage"</a>. Georgpotthast.de. Retrieved 2019-01-29.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FreeDOS-Comparison-28"><a href="#cite_ref-FreeDOS-Comparison_28-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibiblio.org/pub/micro/pc-stuff/freedos/files/distributions/1.2/compare.html">"FreeDOS software package comparison"</a>. Ibiblio.org. Retrieved 2019-01-29.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FreeDOS-Old-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FreeDOS-Old_29-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHall2007" class="citation mailinglist cs1"><a href="Jim_Hall_(computer_programmer)" title="Jim Hall (computer programmer)">Hall, Jim</a> (2007-10-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mail-archive.com/freedos-devel@lists.sourceforge.net/msg05988.html">"Removing old distributions from ibiblio"</a> (Mailing list). Retrieved 2009-10-07.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19961225065126/http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/micro/pc-stuff/freedos/files.html">"The Free-DOS Project - Files [Free-DOS Alpha 4 archive comment and files give date 28 June 1995 - but it could be an update]"</a>. Free-DOS (sunsite). 1996-12-25. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/micro/pc-stuff/freedos/files.html">the original</a> on 1996-12-25. Retrieved 2023-07-06.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FLOSS-31"><a href="#cite_ref-FLOSS_31-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twit.tv/shows/floss-weekly/episodes/416/">Hall, Jim</a> interviewed on the TV show FLOSS weekly on the <a href="TWiT.tv" title="TWiT.tv">TWiT.tv</a> network

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Hall_1994_Announcement-32"><a href="#cite_ref-Hall_1994_Announcement_32-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHall1994" class="citation newsgroup cs1"><a href="Jim_Hall_(computer_programmer)" title="Jim Hall (computer programmer)">Hall, Jim</a> (1994-06-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.msdos.apps/browse_thread/thread/a10993e044dc4b35/e1bb36f1f0d1513b?lnk=st&q=&rnum=26#e1bb36f1f0d1513b">"PD-DOS project *announcement*"</a>. comp.os.msdos.apps. Retrieved 2008-06-14.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-linuxdevices-33"><a href="#cite_ref-linuxdevices_33-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHall2002" class="citation web cs1"><a href="Jim_Hall_(computer_programmer)" title="Jim Hall (computer programmer)">Hall, Jim</a> (2002-03-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224183747/http://archive.linuxgizmos.com/the-past-present-and-future-of-the-freedos-project-a/">"The past, present, and future of the FreeDOS Project"</a>. LinuxGizmos.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.linuxgizmos.com/the-past-present-and-future-of-the-freedos-project-a/">the original</a> on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2008-06-14.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Hall_2006_About-34"><a href="#cite_ref-Hall_2006_About_34-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHall2006" class="citation web cs1"><a href="Jim_Hall_(computer_programmer)" title="Jim Hall (computer programmer)">Hall, Jim</a> (2006-09-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070527173146/https://www.freedos.org/freedos/about/">"About"</a>. FreeDOS. The FreeDOS Project. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedos.org/freedos/about/">the original</a> on 2007-05-27. Retrieved 2014-06-17.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FreeDOS-History-35"><a href="#cite_ref-FreeDOS-History_35-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedos.org/history/">"FreeDOS History"</a>. Freedos.org. Retrieved 2019-01-29.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Adams_2005-36"><a href="#cite_ref-Adams_2005_36-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFAdams" class="citation web cs1">Adams, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osnews.com/story/10900/Introducing_GNU_DOS_2005">"Introducing GNU/DOS 2005"</a>. OSNews. Retrieved 2016-11-27.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Marinof_GNU/DOS-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Marinof_GNU/DOS_37-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMarinof2006" class="citation web cs1">Marinof, Mihai (2006-12-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.softpedia.com/news/GNU-DOS-Project-Discontinued-41470.shtml">"GNU/DOS Project Discontinued"</a>. Retrieved 2016-11-27.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FD_Logo-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FD_Logo_38-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201754/http://www.freedos.org/press-kit/logos.html">"FreeDOS official logos"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freedos.org/press-kit/logos.html">the original</a> on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2019-05-31.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Lowe_2003-39"><a href="#cite_ref-Lowe_2003_39-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFLowe2003" class="citation web cs1">Lowe, Scott (2003-07-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techrepublic.com/article/configure-it-quick-use-freedos-as-a-replacement-for-ms-dos/">"Configure IT Quick: Use FreeDOS as a replacement for MS-DOS"</a>. TechRepublic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 2017-02-09.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Techworld-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Techworld_40-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBroersma2006" class="citation web cs1">Broersma, Matthew (2006-09-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131102110346/http://news.techworld.com/operating-systems/6783/dos-lives-open-source-reinvents-past/">"DOS lives! Open source reinvents past"</a>. Techworld. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.techworld.com/operating-systems/6783/dos-lives-open-source-reinvents-past/">the original</a> on 2013-11-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Grech_2014-41"><a href="#cite_ref-Grech_2014_41-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGrech" class="citation web cs1">Grech, Andreas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141003032417/http://www.japheth.de/HX.html">"HX DOS Extender"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japheth.de/HX.html">the original</a> on 2014-10-03.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Aitor_2014-42"><a href="#cite_ref-Aitor_2014_42-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSantamaria-Merino2014" class="citation web cs1">Santamaria-Merino, Aitor (2014-09-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedos.org/history/newsitem/166.html">"Windows on FreeDOS?"</a>. FreeDOS. Retrieved 2017-02-09.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Herbert_2004-43"><a href="#cite_ref-Herbert_2004_43-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHerbert2004" class="citation web cs1">Herbert, Marc (2004-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://marc.herbert.free.fr/linux/freedos_no_removable.html">"Install FreeDOS without any CD, floppy, USB-key, nor any other removable media"</a>. Retrieved 2009-05-26.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ReactOS-44"><a href="#cite_ref-ReactOS_44-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reactos.org/wiki/FreeLoader">"FreeLoader — ReactOS Wiki"</a>. reactos.org. Retrieved 2017-06-30.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogons.org/viewtopic.php?t=89272">"Installing FreeDOS tools on DOSBox using FDIMPLES \ VOGONS"</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dosbox-x.com/wiki/Guide:Installing-FreeDOS">"Installing FreeDOS in DOSBox-X"</a>. dosbox-x.com. Retrieved 2024-11-11.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Hilpert_2015_Bootable_Stick-47"><a href="#cite_ref-Hilpert_2015_Bootable_Stick_47-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHilpert2015" class="citation web cs1">Hilpert, Dominik (2015-05-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/Creating_a_Bootable_DOS_USB_Stick">"Creating a Bootable DOS USB Stick"</a>. Retrieved 2017-02-09.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Mueller_2013-48"><a href="#cite_ref-Mueller_2013_48-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMueller2013" class="citation book cs1">Mueller, Scott (2013-03-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quepublishing.com/articles/printerfriendly/2028834">Upgrading and Repairing PCs</a> (21st ed.). <a href="Pearson_Education" title="Pearson Education">Que Publishing</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Gallagher_2014_Old-school-49"><a href="#cite_ref-Gallagher_2014_Old-school_49-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGallagher2014" class="citation web cs1">Gallagher, Sean (2014-07-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/07/dos-boot-ars-spends-a-day-working-in-freedos/">"Old school: I work in DOS for an entire day"</a>. ArsTechnica. Condé Nast. Retrieved 2017-02-09.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFMacCallum2004" class="citation news cs1">MacCallum, Scott C., ed. (Summer–Fall 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freedos.org/archive/2004/phraine/phraine-v1-n2.pdf">"Interview with FreeDOS Creator Jim Hall"</a> (PDF). PHRAINE - Computer Technology Enlightenment Without the Noise. Vol. 1, no. 2(4). pp. 3–6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190227085144/http://www.freedos.org/archive/2004/phraine/phraine-v1-n2.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2019-02-27. Retrieved 2019-02-27.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFWohlscheid2017" class="citation web cs1">Wohlscheid, John Paul, ed. (2017-11-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://itsfoss.com/interview-freedos-jim-hall/">"Interview with FreeDOS Founder and Lead Dev Jim Hall"</a>. It's FOSS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230930212520/https://itsfoss.com/interview-freedos-jim-hall/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-09-30. Retrieved 2023-09-30.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFProven2023" class="citation web cs1">Proven, Liam, ed. (2023-01-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.com/2023/01/18/retro_tech_week_freedos/?td=rt-3a">"Founder of FreeDOS recounts the story so far, and the future - What is dead may never die, and it's all thanks to Jim Hall"</a>. OSes. <a href="The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a>. London, UK: Situation Publishing. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230930203430/https://www.theregister.com/2023/01/18/retro_tech_week_freedos/?td=rt-3a">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-09-30. Retrieved 2023-09-30.</cite> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230930203707/https://www.theregister.com/2023/01/18/retro_tech_week_freedos/?page=2">[1]</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .infobox .side-box{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="side-box side-box-right sistersitebox">

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FreeDOS" class="extiw external" title="commons:FreeDOS">FreeDOS</a>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedos.org">Official website</a> </li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/freedos/">FreeDOS</a> on <a href="SourceForge" title="SourceForge">SourceForge</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gitlab.com/FDOS">FreeDOS Orphanage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211009184425/https://gitlab.com/FDOS">Archived</a> 2021-10-09 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Free_and_open-source_software510" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div id="Free_and_open-source_software510" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">Free and open-source software</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alternative_terms_for_free_software" title="Alternative terms for free software">Alternative terms for free software</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_open-source_and_closed-source_software" title="Comparison of open-source and closed-source software">Comparison of open-source and closed-source software</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_source-code-hosting_facilities" title="Comparison of source-code-hosting facilities">Comparison of source-code-hosting facilities</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_free_software_project_directories" title="List of free software project directories">Free software project directories</a></li>

<li><a href="Gratis_versus_libre" title="Gratis versus libre">Gratis versus libre</a></li>

<li><a href="Long-term_support" title="Long-term support">Long-term support</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open-source software</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_software_development" title="Open-source software development">Open-source software development</a></li>

<li><a href="Outline_of_free_software" title="Outline of free software">Outline</a></li>

<li><a href="Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software" title="Timeline of free and open-source software">Timeline</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages" title="List of free and open-source software packages">Software packages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_free_software_for_audio" title="Comparison of free software for audio">Audio</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_open-source_bioinformatics_software" title="List of open-source bioinformatics software">Bioinformatics</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_open-source_codecs" title="List of open-source codecs">Codecs</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_open-source_configuration_management_software" title="Comparison of open-source configuration management software">Configuration management</a></li>

<li><a href="Device_driver" title="Device driver">Drivers</a>

<ul><li><a href="Free_and_open-source_graphics_device_driver" title="Free and open-source graphics device driver">Graphics</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_open-source_wireless_drivers" title="Comparison of open-source wireless drivers">Wireless</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_open-source_health_software" title="List of open-source health software">Health</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_open-source_software_for_mathematics" title="List of open-source software for mathematics">Mathematics</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_office_suites" title="List of office suites">Office suites</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_open-source_operating_systems" title="Comparison of open-source operating systems">Operating systems</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_open-source_routing_platforms" title="List of open-source routing platforms">Routing</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_free_television_software" title="List of free television software">Television</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_open-source_video_games" title="List of open-source video games">Video games</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_free_and_open-source_web_applications" title="List of free and open-source web applications">Web applications</a>

<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_shopping_cart_software" title="Comparison of shopping cart software">E-commerce</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_free_and_open-source_Android_applications" title="List of free and open-source Android applications">Android apps</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_commercial_open-source_applications_and_services" title="List of commercial open-source applications and services">Commercial</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_formerly_proprietary_software" title="List of formerly proprietary software">Formerly proprietary</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_formerly_free_and_open-source_software" class="mw-redirect" title="List of formerly free and open-source software">Formerly open-source</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Community_of_practice" title="Community of practice">Community</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Free_software_movement" title="Free software movement">Free software movement</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_free_and_open-source_software" title="History of free and open-source software">History</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source-software_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Open-source-software movement">Open-source-software movement</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_free-software_events" title="List of free-software events">Events</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_software_advocacy" title="Open-source software advocacy">Advocacy</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_free_and_open-source_software_organizations" title="List of free and open-source software organizations">Organisations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Free_Software_Movement_of_India" title="Free Software Movement of India">Free Software Movement of India</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Free-software_license" title="Free-software license">Licenses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Apache_License" title="Apache License">Apache</a></li>

<li><a href="Artistic_License" title="Artistic License">Artistic</a></li>

<li><a href="Beerware" title="Beerware">Beerware</a></li>

<li><a href="Creative_Commons_license" title="Creative Commons license">Creative Commons</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a>

<li><a href="Python_License" title="Python License">Python</a></li>

<li><a href="Python_Software_Foundation_License" title="Python Software Foundation License">Python Software Foundation License</a></li>

<li><a href="Shared_Source_Initiative" title="Shared Source Initiative">Shared Source Initiative</a></li>

<li><a href="Sleepycat_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Sleepycat License">Sleepycat</a></li>

<li><a href="Unlicense" title="Unlicense">Unlicense</a></li>

<li><a href="WTFPL" title="WTFPL">WTFPL</a></li>

</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Types_and_standards23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types and standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_free_and_open-source_software_licenses" title="Comparison of free and open-source software licenses">Comparison of licenses</a></li>

<li><a href="Contributor_License_Agreement" title="Contributor License Agreement">Contributor License Agreement</a></li>

<li><a href="Copyleft" title="Copyleft">Copyleft</a></li>

<li><a href="Debian_Free_Software_Guidelines" class="mw-redirect" title="Debian Free Software Guidelines">Debian Free Software Guidelines</a></li>

<li><a href="Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works" title="Definition of Free Cultural Works">Definition of Free Cultural Works</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_license" title="Free license">Free license</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Free_Software_Definition" title="The Free Software Definition">The Free Software Definition</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Open_Source_Definition" title="The Open Source Definition">The Open Source Definition</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_license" title="Open-source license">Open-source license</a></li>

<li><a href="Permissive_software_license" title="Permissive software license">Permissive software license</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_domain" title="Public domain">Public domain</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Challenges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">Digital rights management</a></li>

<li><a href="License_proliferation" title="License proliferation">License proliferation</a></li>

<li><a href="Mozilla_software_rebranded_by_Debian" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozilla software rebranded by Debian">Mozilla software rebranding</a></li>

<li><a href="Proprietary_device_driver" class="mw-redirect" title="Proprietary device driver">Proprietary device drivers</a></li>

<li><a href="Proprietary_firmware" title="Proprietary firmware">Proprietary firmware</a></li>

<li><a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary software</a></li>

<li><a href="SCO%E2%80%93Linux_disputes" title="SCO–Linux disputes">SCO/Linux controversies</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_patents_and_free_software" title="Software patents and free software">Software patents</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_software_security" title="Open-source software security">Software security</a></li>

<li><a href="Tivoization" title="Tivoization">Tivoization</a></li>

<li><a href="Trusted_Computing" title="Trusted Computing">Trusted Computing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">Forking</a></li>

<li><a href="GNU_Manifesto" title="GNU Manifesto">GNU Manifesto</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Open_Specification_Promise" title="Microsoft Open Specification Promise">Microsoft Open Specification Promise</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-core_model" title="Open-core model">Open-core model</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_hardware" title="Open-source hardware">Open-source hardware</a></li>

<li><a href="Shared_Source_Initiative" title="Shared Source Initiative">Shared Source Initiative</a></li>

<li><a href="Source-available_software" title="Source-available software">Source-available software</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Cathedral_and_the_Bazaar" title="The Cathedral and the Bazaar">The Cathedral and the Bazaar</a></li>

<li><a href="Revolution_OS" title="Revolution OS">Revolution OS</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold"><div>

<ul><li> <a href="Portal%3AFree_and_open-source_software" title="Portal:Free and open-source software">Portal</a></li>

<li> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Disk_operating_systems_(DOS)553" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Disk_operating_systems_(DOS)553" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Disk_operating_system" title="Disk operating system">Disk operating systems</a> (DOS)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<li><a href="Timeline_of_DOS_operating_systems" title="Timeline of DOS operating systems">Timeline</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_DOS_operating_systems" title="Comparison of DOS operating systems">Comparison</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_DOS_commands" title="List of DOS commands">Commands</a></li>

<li><a href="Index_of_DOS_games" title="Index of DOS games">Games</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS, compatible systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="MS-DOS_4.0_(multitasking)" title="MS-DOS 4.0 (multitasking)">Multitasking MS-DOS 4.0/4.1</a></li>

<li><a href="Novell_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell DOS">Novell DOS</a></li>

<li><a href="SISNE_plus" title="SISNE plus">SISNE plus</a></li>

</ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Concurrent_CP/M-86" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent CP/M-86">Concurrent CP/M-86</a></li>

<li><a href="Concurrent_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent DOS">Concurrent DOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Datapac_System_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Datapac System Manager">Datapac System Manager</a></li>

<li><a href="FlexOS" title="FlexOS">FlexOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Multiuser_DOS" title="Multiuser DOS">Multiuser DOS</a></li>

<li><a href="NetWare_PalmDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="NetWare PalmDOS">NetWare PalmDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Novell_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell DOS">Novell DOS</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenDOS">OpenDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Towns_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Towns OS">Towns OS</a></li>

<li><a href="TurboDOS" title="TurboDOS">TurboDOS</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other platforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AmigaDOS" title="AmigaDOS">AmigaDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="AMSDOS" title="AMSDOS">AMSDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="ANDOS" title="ANDOS">ANDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_DOS" title="Apple DOS">Apple DOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_ProDOS" title="Apple ProDOS">Apple ProDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_SOS" title="Apple SOS">Apple SOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Atari_DOS" title="Atari DOS">Atari DOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Atari_TOS" title="Atari TOS">Atari TOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Commodore_DOS" title="Commodore DOS">Commodore DOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Concurrent_DOS_68K" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent DOS 68K">Concurrent DOS 68K</a></li>

<li><a href="Concurrent_DOS_V60" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent DOS V60">Concurrent DOS V60</a></li>

<li><a href="Cromemco_DOS" title="Cromemco DOS">Cromemco DOS</a></li>

<li><a href="DEC_BATCH-11/DOS-11" title="DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11">DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11</a></li>

<li><a href="GEMDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="GEMDOS">GEMDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="IDEDOS" title="IDEDOS">IDEDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="IMDOS" title="IMDOS">IMDOS</a></li>

<li>MicroDOS</li>

<li><a href="MyDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="MyDOS">MyDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="NewDos/80" title="NewDos/80">NewDos/80</a></li>

<li><a href="PTDOS" title="PTDOS">PTDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="RealDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="RealDOS">RealDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Sinclair_QDOS" title="Sinclair QDOS">Sinclair QDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="SmartDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="SmartDOS">SmartDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="SpartaDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="SpartaDOS">SpartaDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="SpartaDOS_X" title="SpartaDOS X">SpartaDOS X</a></li>

<li><a href="Technical_Support_SuperDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical Support SuperDOS">Technical Support SuperDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="TRSDOS" title="TRSDOS">TRSDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="TurboDOS" title="TurboDOS">TurboDOS</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li> Category</li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

</div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-09" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=FreeDOS&oldid=1294775130">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>